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Notes on video lecture:
Napoleon, New Nations, and Total War
Notes taken by Edward Tanguay on May 18, 2015 (go to class or lectures)
Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:
aristocracies, fighting, Jewish, Spain, invading, resistance, outsider, mercenaries, total, pluralism, warfare, within, arms, defense, custodians, fraction, similar, war, equally, guardianship, popular, stakes, defense, volunteered, rights, Russia, lethality, Mexicans, China, citizens, nation, century, homogeneity, sovereignty, bodies, Ottomans, service, acme, color, process, paradox
with kings and queens no longer seen as the of sovereignty
who is going to protect these human ?
how would societies protect these rights?
it was the nation which was the new place in which was being invested
the would protect the rights of the citizens of the nation
everyone in the nation was endowed with these rights
the presumption was a basic
we are all members of the nation and basically
with some important exceptions
people of
seen more as wards, i.e. people under
how did the concept of rights and their location, i.e. in each member of the nation, affect war?
in older regimes, armies were dominated by the
soldiers would be forced or pressed into
with nations, armies became
instead of paying people to fight, you had members of the nation who to fight
the notion of a nation in was created
1813 The German Nation in Arms
painter: von Gustav Graef
popular to the invasion
volunteers going off to fight in the of the Prussian nation against the French
in the painting, you see a man going off to fight
mother uneasy about her son going off to
citizens were obligated to join the army by virtue of being
old regimes had relied on paid or forced soldiers to do battle
did not have the ability to draw upon the and lives of its people to fight their wars, but the new regimes did
a consequence of that would be to raise the
the escalation of total war draws a tighter line between insider and
it has taken a long time to accept the general idea of within the concept of citizenship
each war is seen as a of creating a nation full of citizens
riding it from threats from without and exceptions from
it's ironic that this age that abolishes torture and slavery, yet increases the scale and scope of
this concept of total war reached its
marched into with 600,000 soldiers
returned with 80,000
in he sent 500,000 troops
only a returned
nation in arms fighting other nations in arms
the last time the world had seen armies of this scale was 1000 years earlier in
we won't see international war on this scale for another
as the Napoleonic wars swept across the world
this compelled all who were involved from the and later the to invoke the defense of their political community in the name of their nation against the other nation
the carnage became a redemptive struggle for national
the at the heart of this dynamic
the rise of new rights coincides with increasing repressive power obtained through the machines controlled by the new governments of these new nations
a combination of liberty and
Spelling Corrections:
homogenaity ⇒ homogeneity