Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:

aphorism, Sparta, Aetion, personally, brutality, wheat, Lindos, wisdom, ruin, Miletus, opportunities, pottery, Cypselus, ironies, aristocracy, Plato, Hellenism, impossible, endogamy, Solon, politically

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meaning of "tyrant"

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the modern meaning of the tyrant is extremely negative, suggesting                   brutality, greed, and lawlessness

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the original Greek meaning of tyrant was "someone who seized power in a non-constitutional way and held it                     personally"

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one of the               ironies in ancient Greece is that tyranny was a necessary prelude to democracy

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Corinth

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strategically very important

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controls both the north-south route in Greece, but also controls the east-west route

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for many traders it was easier to sail up the Saronic Gulf, travel across the six kilometers of the isthmus and then continue in the Gulf of Corinth

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late 19th century a canal was made

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Ancient Corinth

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had an                       aristocracy in control, the Bacchiadae or Bacchiads

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800BC-600BC Corinth was a cultural power

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practiced                 endogamy, the practice of marrying only within a specific clan, rejecting others on such basis as being unsuitable for marriage or other close personal relationships, eventually led to their downfall

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may have been responsible for a causeway across the isthmus

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under the Bacchiads, became very prosperous

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art flourished

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characteristic half-smile of statues from this time

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Corinthian               pottery

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enormous amounts of production

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middle Eastern motifs

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widely distributed throughout the Mediterranean

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end of the Bacchiads in Corinth

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they were endogamous and hence did not marry outside their clan

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one woman, Labda, was lame and no one wanted to marry her

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so outsider named             Aetion wanted to marry her, they married

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a prophecy from Delphi said that this marriage would bring         ruin to Bacchiads

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son was born,                 Cypselus whom the Bacchiads tried to kill him but the legend is that he was too cute of a baby

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the boy eventually became a tyrant and overthrew the Bacchiad clan

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rule passed to Periander

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Periander (627BC-585BC)

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ruled 627BC-585BC

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son of Cypselus, becomes new tyrant

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very harsh, sent slave to another tyrant to find out what to do, he cuts off heads of           wheat stalks, which meant to eliminate the leaders of the opposition

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pattern is a not-too-bad father and a much more ruthless son

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Periander as an effective ruler, ruled seemingly without incident with no rebellion

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he had himself assassinated: commissioned two men to do this, then secretly commissioned four others to kill the original two

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seven sages

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seven early 6th century BC philosophers, statesmen and law-givers who were renowned in the following centuries for their             wisdom.

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-Traditionally, each of the seven sages represents an aspect of worldly wisdom which is summarized by an                 aphorism.

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(1) Cleobulus of             Lindos and (2)           Solon of Athens: "All things in moderation", (3) Chilon of             Sparta, "You should not desire the                     impossible", (4) Bias of Prine, "Most men are bad", (5) Thales of               Miletus, "Know thyself", (6) Pittacus of Mytilene, "You should know which                           opportunities to choose", and Periander of Corinth, "Be farsighted in everything".

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some scholars say this group as a group was created by           Plato

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had a wide geographical distribution

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that they ever knew each other is clearly a fiction

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yet they had in common that they all:

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wrote poetry

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were                       politically active

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engaged in performance

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these men can be seen as "culture heroes" embodying the combination of practical experience, theoretical wisdom, wit, and the ability to impress a large group of people, together they represented Pan-                  Hellenism, a growing sense of what it meant to be Greek over and above what it meant to be from a particular city-state