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Notes on video lecture:
Archaeological Theories on the History of Israel
Notes taken by Edward Tanguay on May 2, 2015 (go to class or lectures)
Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:
gradual, Jordan, coalesced, conservative, Genesis, Egypt, Judges, infiltration, 2000, Nuzi, urban, animal, battles, Patriarchs, egalitarian, unified, Jacob, Biblical, ecological, destroyed, few, Judah, small, Merneptah, social, entire, skeptical, changes, History, archeologists, necessarily, under, Canaan
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John Bright
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A                of Israel (1959)
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chapters
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Age of the                     
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Exodus and Conquest
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Period of the             
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United Monarchy of Saul, David and Solomon
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Divided Monarchies of Israel and           
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Exile, Return, Restoration
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a                          history which for the most part replicates the Biblical story
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since the 80s and 90s most historians are                    about the historicity of the first two periods
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the age of the patriarchs
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the exodus/conquest period
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many allow and exodus from Egypt on a            scale
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but it is doubtful that
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this group comprised the              people of Israel
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that this group descended directly from Abraham, Isaac, and           
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Ephraim Speiser (1902-1965)
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a group of scholars thought they could prove the historicity of                by showing how various institutions and practices described in these texts appear in documents found in a city in Northern Iraq called         
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documents date from 1450-1350
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long after the Biblical patriarchs (ca.         )
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leading paradigm and theories with which                            and historians work when reconstructing the origins of ancient history
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for many years, there were two models:
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1. peaceful                         
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Albrecht Alt
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Martin Noth
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Yohanan Aharoni (1919-1976)
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Israelites entered              as semi-nomads
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                   gradually into a united people
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originated somewhere in the Transjordan, today Jordan
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2. conquest
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conservative reaction to the peaceful infiltration model
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William Foxwell Albright (1891-1971)
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Yigael Yadin (1917-1984)
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Israel was already a                people before they entered Canaan by military force and conquest
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takes its point of departure from the                  accounts
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very        scholars would defend this view today
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the main reason is that the various layers which Albright and Yadin all date from very different periods
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peaceful view has persisted in modern scholarship but has been subjected to               
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1.              revolution model
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Israelites were originally an           -privileged and oppressed class of Canaanites
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rose up in rebellion
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abandoned the            centers
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moved outside urban areas in hills
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where they joined with a small group which had recently made an exodus from bondage in           
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established an                        society
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George Mendenhall
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Norman Gottwald
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2. sedentary / nomadic / sedentary
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Israel Finkelstein
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Shlomo Bunimovitz
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the population which became Israel were local              herders who gradually made a transition from being nomads to sedentary land owners
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began as sedentary Canaanites, became nomads in the 16th century BC when Canaan was                   
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by 1200 BC when Israel starts to emerge as a people, they begin a sedentary existence again
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most scholars think of Israel's origins as a                process of identity formation
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elicited by social, political and                      factors
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may have originated in Canaan proper
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or they may have migrated from the east of the             
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1200 BCE, the                    Stele attests to the existence of a people called Israel
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doesn't contain any information about how Israel was constituted
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no mention of how large the group was
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or even if Merneptah's armies had encountered them firsthand
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there is also reason that these inscriptions would be unreliable, e.g. for kings to boast of                they never won and peoples they never conquered
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the maintenance of a social organization does not necessarily imply any sort of cultural continuity
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just because there is one group called Israel in one period and another group called Israel in another period, doesn't                        imply tight, cultural connection between the two

Spelling Corrections:

priveleged ⇒ privileged
illicited ⇒ elicited
The Merneptah Stele: The Oldest Reference to Israel
Canaan as Outback between Mesopotamia and Egypt Civilization Centers
The Three Centers of Early Jewish History
The Amarna Letters and Egypt's Presence in Canaan During the New Kingdom
The End of Egyptian Imperial Control
Maps of Historical Biblical Regions
Interview with Bill Deaver
Israel, Judah, and the Campaign of Shishak
The Omride Dynasty
725 BC: The Fall of Israel to Assyria
The Kingdom of Judah and Sennacherib
The Fall of Judah
The History of Israel According to Genesis and Exodus
Archaeological Theories on the History of Israel
The Rise of the Iron Age Kingdoms
Bronze Age vs. Iron Age Material Culture
History of the Central Highland States
Judah After the Babylonian Conquest
Factors Leading to the Depopulation Of Israel
The Elephantine Papyri
Judahite Communities in Babylon
Ezra-Nehemiah and Haggai on Temple Rebuilding
The Biblical Project
From the Bible to the Sumerian King List
Genesis Chapter 26: Isaac, Abimelek and Rebekah
The Biblical Authors' Portrayal of Women and Heroism
The Bible's Treatment of Heroic Death
Portrayal of Death in the Bible