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Notes on video lecture:
History of the Central Highland States
Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:
archeological, Canaan, united, dynasty, two, Jezreel, king, lowland, highland, borders, civil, authors, Labayu, Alt, God, Samuel, Akhenaten, judges, wealth, powerful, Judah, nomadic, Finkelstein, Shechem, Amarna, Bible, 722, military, fringe, settlement, shadow, one, hill, Faust, successful, ancestors
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history central                  states
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Biblical story
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Book of             
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authority shifting along a succession of             
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people of Israel assemble and petition the prophet Samuel to find a         
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so Isreal could be like other nations
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Samuel says this is not what        wants, our king is alone Yahweh
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but then under the direction of Yahweh himself, Samuel gives in and anoints Saul
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kings
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1. Saul
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Israel's first king
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moderately                     
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2. David
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much more effective as a military ruler
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expands the                of the kingdom
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also brings internal conflict
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rips the kingdom of            away from Israel
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becomes first king of Judah
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then is anointed king over all of Israel
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faces            wars
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Judah and Israel often separating from each other
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establishes stable               
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3. Solomon
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                 ruler
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brings great              to the united kingdom
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4. Rehoboam
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causes kingdom to split into       
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the Davidic dynasty manages to maintain control of Jerusalem and Judah
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Israel
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the large and more powerful kingdom Israel has an every changing succession of short-lived dynasties
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becomes powerful                  player
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ruled by mighty kings
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Judah
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exists under Israel's             
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       BC frees itself when Assyrians conquer Israel
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but this was the view from the Bible written by                writing for their own times
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intended for Judahite readers, not for Israelite readers, living after the fall of Israel in 722 BCE and after the fall of Judah in 586 BCE
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                           view
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1. Israel                       
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emphasizes long-term history
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Marcel Bloch
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Lucien Febvre
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Fernand Braudel
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pointed to the cycles of                      in the Southern Levant over many thousands of years
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an important corrective to how many scholars use the Bible to reconstruct Israel's history
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the origins of Israel must be seen in the cycles of the               , semi-nomadic and sedentary demographic changes
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individual historical events are less critical
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2. Avraham           
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until the Iron Age
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the highlands on the             
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core settlement lowlands
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after Iron Age began
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highlands were not so empty anymore
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Jerusalem's importance
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has little to do with it's geographical position
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same for West Bank and central          country
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they are in the news today, not because they are more valuable places but because historical events happened here
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formed population formed powerful states that conquered                territories
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conquered by imperial armies
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in response to defeat, they produced the            and new communal identities
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the Amarna letters
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building on historian Albrecht       , 1925
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two types of city-states in the Amarna letters
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those in high lands
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those in low lands
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smaller territories in the south
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highlands are poorer
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highlands south of the                Valley
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Israel
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Judah
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dominated by                and Jerusalem
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division between these two powers correspond closely to Israel and Judah
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this throws doubts on the              kingdom of Israel that later split into two
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the authors of the Bible went to great lengths to affirm that the populations of Israel and Judah had common                    and common early histories
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and the two kingdoms began as       
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before the original sin severed them into two
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but the              letters reveal a division and political tension between Shechem and Jerusalem
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Shechem:              was the leader
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14th-century BCE ruler or warlord in the central hill country of southern             
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lived contemporaneously with Pharaoh                   
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mentioned in several of the Amarna Letters
The Merneptah Stele: The Oldest Reference to Israel
Canaan as Outback between Mesopotamia and Egypt Civilization Centers
The Three Centers of Early Jewish History
The Amarna Letters and Egypt's Presence in Canaan During the New Kingdom
The End of Egyptian Imperial Control
Maps of Historical Biblical Regions
Interview with Bill Deaver
Israel, Judah, and the Campaign of Shishak
The Omride Dynasty
725 BC: The Fall of Israel to Assyria
The Kingdom of Judah and Sennacherib
The Fall of Judah
The History of Israel According to Genesis and Exodus
Archaeological Theories on the History of Israel
The Rise of the Iron Age Kingdoms
Bronze Age vs. Iron Age Material Culture
History of the Central Highland States
Judah After the Babylonian Conquest
Factors Leading to the Depopulation Of Israel
The Elephantine Papyri
Judahite Communities in Babylon
Ezra-Nehemiah and Haggai on Temple Rebuilding
The Biblical Project
From the Bible to the Sumerian King List
Genesis Chapter 26: Isaac, Abimelek and Rebekah
The Biblical Authors' Portrayal of Women and Heroism
The Bible's Treatment of Heroic Death
Portrayal of Death in the Bible