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Notes on video lecture:
Theory of Mind
Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:
them, hard, overwhelms, thinking, social, perceiving, consciousness, crayons, egocentric, animal, predict, smarties, knows, chimp, different, door, ability, second, helping, funny, knock, facial, candles, species, modelling, thoughtful, acknowledge, sorrow
theory of mind
our ability to perceive what others seem to be                     
put ourselves in someone else's place and have a sense of what they are feeling
critical for              behavior
pro-social
the extent that we can understand each other and behave in accordance with that understanding
orders of                           
first-order consciousness
person #1 has a sense of what he is                 
            -order consciousness
person #1 has a sense of what person #2 is thinking
helps us to better                what people may do
third-order consciousness
person #1 has sense of what person #2 is thinking about person #1
I can model you                    me
when we are trying to surprise someone
e.g. valentines day: break the mold of how you usually act, e.g. do something especially                     
False Belief Test
ask a three year old child what is in a box of               
child typically says crayons
they show the child that there are                in the box
ask them again what is in the crayon box
they typically say candles
then they bring out a Snoopy doll from under the table and say that he has not heard anything that we been saying, what do you think Snoopy thinks is in the box
they will typically say candles
they seem to think whatever they know, everybody around them           
have a difficulty with the concept that what I know may be very                    than what other people know
between ages of three and five
the develop the ability to model the minds of others
begin to realize that their                      view of the world is not shared by everybody else
theory of mind
basis of people                people
children comfort another child because they can feel their             
just as she would want someone to help her just as if she were in that state
they don't have to help people but they do it anyway
we cannot help but share in the feelings of others
a            at the door
someone says there is a wild              attacking, open the door and let me in
you know that if you open the          that the attacking animal could get in as well
yet it is very          to leave the person out there
you feel their fear
the only way for you to feel peace is for          to feel peace
in this way, the theory of mind, being able to understand how others are feeling, hold us together as a                and helps us survive
goes against some of our other anti-social tendencies
studies with animals
it can be argued that some animals have a rudimentary theory of mind
a            and experimenters
one of the experimenters likes Smarties
experimenter goes out of room
another experimenter moves                 
chimp sees this
first experimenter comes back and goes to look for smarties
chimp knows this
chimp thinks this is            because he knows that she knows that the Smarties will be gone
it is hotly debated if animals have theory of mind
but most researchers                        that many animals can understand the minds of others
children with autism and aspergers
we use language but also many              expressions and signs which we use to communicate
this                      people with autism
they have trouble processing social stimuli
they don't gain the                well to model someone else's mind

Ideas and Concepts:

Age three and the development of second-order consciousness, via tonight's Human Psychology class: "One of the most important milestones in mind development is gaining the ability to recognize that others can have beliefs about the world that are diverging from your own belief. To do this, one must understand how knowledge of the world is formed, that people's beliefs are based on their knowledge, that beliefs can differ from reality, and that people’s behavior can be predicted based on these beliefs. A test called a False Belief Test can demonstrate quite predictably that the human mind develops the ability to understand that others have different beliefs somewhere between the ages of three and five. In one version of this test, a three year old child is shown a box of crayons and asked what he thinks is inside the box. The child will typically say crayons. Then the box is opened and the child is shown that there are actually candles in the box. The child is asked again what is in the box, and the child will, of course, say candles. Then a Snoopy doll is brought out, and the child is told that the Snoopy doll has not heard anything and that he has never seen the box or what is in the box. The child is asked what he thinks the Snoopy doll thinks is in the box, and the three year old child will typically say candles. This is because children up to the age of three generally have not yet developed the ability to understand that other people understand the world any differently than they do. It is between the ages of three and five that children develop the ability to mentally model the minds of others."
1600-1850: Psychology Emerges
Psychology Before Freud
Sigmund Freud: The Fork in the Road
Branches of 20th Century Psychology
Observational Research and the Rosenhan Experiment
Knowledge Association
Theory of Mind