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Notes on video lecture:
Dinosaur Skeletons
Notes taken by Edward Tanguay on October 15, 2014 (go to class or lectures)
Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:
many, skulls, coyotes, jellyfish, insects, 300, learning, places, pelvis, claws, backbone, soles, vertebrates, caudal, Femur, long, purposes, fingernails, openings, same, skeletons, probability
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most of what we know about dinosaurs comes from their                   
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in order to understand dinosaurs, we need to understand how skeletons are put together
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luckily we have a great                  resource: our own skeletons
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dinosaurs and humans have basically the          skeletons
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they have the same bones in the same             
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the bones may be used for different                  and therefore shaped in different ways but they are the same bones
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because dinosaurs and humans belong to a group of animals called                        and we all have a common ancestor
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vertebrate
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refers to the presence of vertebrae, i.e. a                 
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all vertebrates have backbones and             
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counter examples are                that have exoskeletons and                    which have no skeletons at all
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the basic form of the vertebrate skeleton evolved over        million years ago
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skulls
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looking at the various skull shapes of e.g. a wolf, a mountain lion, and a sea lion suggest different uses and purposes for these shapes
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skulls are not one bone but         
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orbits
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openings for the eyes
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nares
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openings for the nose
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fenestrae
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other openings in the skull
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               have only one fenestrate behind the orbit and no fenestrate in front of the orbit
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a tyrannosaurus skull has two holes behind the orbit, and one in front of the orbit
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brain case
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where the brain is housed
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                 for nerves
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antorbital fenestra
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behind the naris
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backbone
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each vertebrae has a disc-like centrum
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tails are composed entirely of vertebrae
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neck
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cervical
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back
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dorsal
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hip
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sacral
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dinosaurs had ribs all the way to their             
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tail
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shoulder socket
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scapula
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hip socket
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acetabulum
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adaptations and shapes of limbs
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for walking, running, flying, jumping or swimming
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looking at the shape of the limbs of dinosaurs will help you determine the                        that that dinosaur ran, walked, jump, flew or swam
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sharp            suggest being a predator
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         legs suggest running fast
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arm bones in both humans and dinosaurs
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Humerus
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Ulna / Radius
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differences
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dinosaur had claws
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humans have                       
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leg bones
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all basically the same in vertebrates
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Tibia/Fibula
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dinosaurs generally had five toes
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all dinosaurs walked on their toes and the            of their feet were elevated off the ground
How are Dinosaurs Different than Other Animals?
Dinosaur Skeletons
Saurischians: Sauropods, Theropods, and Prosauropods
Ornithischians
Determining Dinosaur Appearance