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Notes on video lecture:
The Ottoman Empire's Changing Balance of Power with Europe
Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:
ship, Jews, heartland, medicine, Egypt, superior, 50%, equal, 27, Western, subjects, Selim, nationalism, 800%, lake, Europe, economic, Dardanelles, cosmic, world, Lebanon, ideas, reversal, legitimacy, German, three, modernizing, Greeks, London, Crimea, vanguard, Catholics, shock, last, protector
dramatic change with the balance of power with             
up until the middle of the 18th century, the Ottomans could feel to be on an            footing with Europe
and before this period even                  to Europe
in the          quarter of the 18th century, a dramatic change began to took place
the gab in science, technology, military and                  power was shifting in favor of the Europeans
important advances in                  lead to population growth in Europe
more          building and economic expansion
powerful navies and armies
Russian Ottoman War 1768-1174
critical turning point
Russians won war and took over the area of the             
brought the Russians to the banks of the Black Sea
it was no longer an enclosed Ottoman         
brought the Russians closer to the Bosporus and                        straits that lead to the Mediterranean
this not only meant the loss of control of the Black Sea but the first loss of control of Muslim                 
a great historical                 
it was of importance in terms of                      for the Ottoman Empire to be the ruler of Muslims and not to have Muslims taken over by Christian powers
the Ottoman Empire saw itself as the                    of Muslims and Islam
the 19th century was the century of European empires
Europe seemed to be ruling the           
this led many people in the Ottoman Empire to realize that something had gone wrong in the              order of things
the belief in the historic supremacy of Islam over Christianity
it was in need of an update
           III (reigned 1789-1807)
began first serious efforts at                        the Ottoman armies
before the Napoleonic invasion of           
the fact that reforms began in the military is significant
meant that the the military was the                  of Western modernizing reform
because they were modernized, they often became the leaders of revolutionary change in later decades
led to revolutionary change in other spheres
required the learning of foreign languages: French, English,             
led to the influx of foreign           
created a cultural           
realized that Islam was not superior in the world
new ideas
equality for before the law
individual rights
                      
gave rise to new forms of identity and organization of the political community
1798: Napoleon's invasion of Egypt
most dramatic invasion into the Ottoman Empire
the French stayed for            years until they were forced out by the British and the Ottomans
the first intrusion into the very                    of the Ottoman Empire
not only an intrusion by an exposure to the greatness of European power at that time
not just military power
but scientific missions
brought to the Middle East scientific advancement and progress
1800-1850
population of Europe increased by       
Britain's population grew from 16 million to      million
             became the largest city on earth, with a population of 2.5 million people
between 1815-185-, Britain's increases of exports to the Eastern Mediterranean increased by         
Europe's need for raw materials meant olive oil from Tunisia, silk from               , and cotton from Egypt
the Russians and the French interfered regularly in the affairs of the Christians of the Ottoman Empire
the Russians supporting the Orthodox Christians, the Serbs and the             
the French protecting the                   
at a later stage Britain tried to play this minority game by supporting the          and the Zionist idea in Palestine
in the Ottoman empire, it was the Christians who were the first to be affected by                ideas
they had a greater openness to the Christian West
The Middle East, its Origins, and the Modern Era
Napoleon in Egypt: The Beginning of the Middle Eastern Modern Age
The Popuation Mosaic of 19th Century Middle East
Middle East Economy in the 19th Century
19th Century Ottoman Empire Politics
The Ottoman Empire's Changing Balance of Power with Europe