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Notes on video lecture:
Dinosaur Life and Extinction
Notes taken by Edward Tanguay on February 10, 2017 (go to class or lectures)
Choose from these words to fill the blanks below:
instantaneously, crocodilians, Chicxulub, Cretaceous, fluid, 228, Nyasasaurus, Mesozoic, avian, shared, sunlight, hip, 90, comet, scales, clay, reptiles, found, 11, iridium, heat, rock, greenhouse
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synapomorphies
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features that are              between groups of dinosaurs
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autapomophies
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anatomical features that are not            in other dinosaurs
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Phanerozoic Eon (542 million years ago)
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1. Paleozoic Era (524-251 Ma) ANCIENT
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2.                  Era (250-65 Ma) MIDDLE
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Triassic (250-200 Ma)
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Jurassic (200-145 Ma)
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                     (145-65 Ma)
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3. Cenozoic Era (65 Ma - today) CURRENT
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earliest dinosaurs
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Tanzania
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235 million years ago
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middle Triassic
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Spondylosoma
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South America
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middle Triassic
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bipedal
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legs much more robust than their arms
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appeared to have been carniverous
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two meters long
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much like the Velociraptor
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lived much later: 75-71 Ma
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but the first dinosaurs were probably covered in              than feathers
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South America is known for early dinosaurs
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Saturnalia
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Late Triassic
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       Ma
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Herrerasaurus
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231 Ma
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Argentina
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Staurikosaurus
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Brazil
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225 Ma
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Eoraptor
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231 Ma
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Argentina
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Pisanosaurus
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228 Ma
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South America
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probably omnivores
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dinosaurs have a acetabulum
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characteristic hole in        bone
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250 million years ago, an extinction event occurred
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wiped out almost      percent of all species of tetrapod
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dinosaurs became dominant when non-dinosaurian                  became extinct
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ornithosuchids
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an extinct family of reptiles from the Triassic period that were distantly related to                         
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rauisuchians
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a group of mostly large Triassic archosaurs
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diet
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Tyrannosaurus Rex
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quintessential carnivore
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one of the last non-avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event
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found in a variety of          formations dating to the Maastrichtian age of the upper Cretaceous Period, 68 to 66 million years ago
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Diplodocus
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focused on eating vegetation
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North America
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Jurassic period
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the boundary between carnivory and herbivory is            in dinosaurs
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the impressive range of diets found in living birds is a testament to the dietary diversity of their theropod ancestors
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extinction of non-avian dinosaurs
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impact event
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10-kilometer wide asteroid or           
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extinct
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dating of rock samples shows that non-           dinosaurs went extinct at the same time as this event
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formed the                    Crater in Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula
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today partly buried
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65.5-million-year-old          layer deposited widely across the globe
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high concentration of               
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a chemical only found in meteorites or nuclear blast sites
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generated tsunamis
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triggered earthquakes with magnitudes of over      on the Richter Scale
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debris that the explosion threw up, upon returning to earth encountered friction and started to          up
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raised Earth's surface temperature
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firestorms likely caused a                      effect
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dust in the atmosphere hindered photosynthesis in the short term
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led to collapse of ecosystems
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the site of impact over sulphate-rich deposits released sulfuric acid aerosols that acidified the oceans
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reduced                  getting to Earth's surface
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effected ocean ecosystem and food chains
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the non-avian dinosaurs were either killed                                by the impact or died quickly in the extreme environment following it
Dinosaur Life and Extinction