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in the first half of the 1900s, the wave of immigrations of Jewish immigrants continued from Eastern Europe and Russia

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many settled in New York

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many looking to make large fortunes

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but this is not what many found in the Great Depression of the 1930s

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but their entrepreneurial spirit prevailed for some

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Max Gaines (1895-1947)

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in 1933, devised the first four-color, saddle-stitched newsprint pamphlet, a precursor to the color-comics format that became the standard for the American comic book industry

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newspaper comic strips were popular

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so he made a comic book and sold it at some news stands in New York City

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Famous Funnies started to take root in America

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Major Malcolm Wheeler Nicholson (1890-1965)

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pioneered the American comic book

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published first periodical consisting solely of original material rather than reprints of newspaper comic strips

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his National Allied Publications would evolve into DC Comics

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formed when National Allied Publications was taken over by Harry Donenfeld and Jacob Liebowitz

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one of the U.S.'s two largest comic book publishers along with rival Marvel Comics

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Martin Goodman (1908-1992)

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got in late in 1939, calling his comic line Timely Comics

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later became Marvel Comics

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was a businessman

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happy to be publishing comics but comics didn't interest him much

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he had a magazine called Stag and one called Male

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years before Playboy

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also had a detective magazine

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he was more interested in these slick paper magazine than in the comics

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so he left the comics to Stan Lee (1922-)

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but he was interested in the covers

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spent a lot of time playing Scrabble in his office with a friend

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had been in the distributing business originally

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learned how to publish magazines

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had many titles in different fields

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John Goldwater (1906-1999)

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co-creator of Archie

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worked with

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Louis Silberkleit (1900-1986)

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Morris Coyne

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moved from pulp magazines into comic books

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created

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MLJ Comics

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Blue Ribbon Comics

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Pep Comics

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Jackpot Comics

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Top-Notch Comics

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featuring an array of superheroes

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create The Shield

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patriotic superhero before Captain America

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Jerry Siegel (1914-1996) and Joe Shuster (1914-1992)

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Jewish immigrants

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two 17-year-old kids from Cleveland, Ohio

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created Superman

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Bob Kane (1915-1998) and Bill Finger (1914-1974)

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created the Batman for DC Comics

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Jerry Robinson (1922-2011)

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Bob Kane's first assistant

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ghost artist on Batman

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co-creator of Robin and the Joker

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Will Eisner (1917-2005)

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perhaps the greatest graphic storyteller in the history of comics

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created series The Spirit (1940-1952)

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the first Jewish superhero

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the father of the graphic novel

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Joe Simon (1913-2011)

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Editor in Chief at Timely Comics, later Marvel Comics

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co-created Captain American with Jack Kirby

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tall, deep voice, smoke cigars

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Jack was always drawing

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Boy's Ranch

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teenagers who were cowboys

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Jack Kirby (1917--1994)

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grew up on the streets of New York City

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learned to draw cartoon figures by tracing characters from comic strips and editorial cartoons

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Marvel Comics

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Captain America

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Fighting American

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The Fly

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The Man Hunter

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Sandman

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The News Boy Legion

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broke partnership with Joe Simon in 1959

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moved on to Marvel Comics

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teamed up with Stan Lee who created

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Fantastic Four

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Thor

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Iron Man

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The Avengers

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The X-Men

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Silver Surfer

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could draw dramatic posing

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knew how to make anything look interesting

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Fawcett Comics

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1940s

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Captain Marvel

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said "Shazam!" to transform

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William Moulton Marston (1893-1947)

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with HG Peter, created Wonder Woman

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was also the inventor of the lie detector

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Otto Binder (1911-1974)

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wrote for the Marvel family

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created Super Girl and Brainiac