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domestic politics in Athens

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not idle during the Persian wars

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Miltiades

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very respected

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victory at Marathon

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launched a campaign against the island of Paros

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expedition was a failure

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upon his return, he was prosecuted

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he belong to a clan called the Philaidae

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was charged of deceiving the people

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had to pay fee which was the annual income of a good-sized polis

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died before he could pay it

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eventually paid by his son Cimon [KEE-mon]

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it was not that Miltiades did anything wrong

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we are seeing the feuding among the elite clans

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conducted within the new democratic system

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ostracism

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488 BC first ostracism in the aftermath of Marathon

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left for 10 years

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occurred once a year

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names written on pot shards

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while he was gone, his property was preserved for him

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when he returned, he assumed full civil rights

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the elite families would use ostracism to get their political enemies temporarily out of the way

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put an end to the wholesale expulsion of clans

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just one person with his immediate family who had to leave

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487 BC: procedure for selecting the archons changes

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up to this time they had been elected

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now they are selected by lot put together by the boule, the council of 500

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term of office one year

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becomes honorific and less of a political factor

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weight moving toward elected board of ten generals

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Themistocles

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from an old family but not elite

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rumor was his mother was not Athenian and perhaps even a slave

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but probably just a political slander

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the trickster of Athenian politics

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the Odyssian figure in Athenian political life

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served as an arcon in the late 490s

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started to built a wall at Piraeus [Πειραιάς], the port city

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almost certainly fought at Marathon

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discovered silver in the south of Greece

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gave Athenians new source of wealth

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mining then was much more dirty and dangerous, reserved for slaves and captives in war

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Themistocles persuade the Assembly not to use the new treasure to build a wall but to built ships, specifically triremes

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this instituted what was to be called "the naval policy"

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reliefs in stone have been found of triremes

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from of trireme had a metal beak on it which was used to punch a hole in an enemy ship

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troop of soldiers at front ready to fight hand-to-hand

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Hoplite warfare was self financed

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triremes depended on labor to build ships, maintain the docks

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poorer citizens had a new source of income

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trend was increasing democracy at home and increasingly militaristic policy abroad

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late 480s

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Aristeides, son of Lysimachus

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ostracized

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a traditional politician

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famously upright, "Aristeides the Just"