EDWARD'S LECTURE NOTES:
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C O U R S E
The Rooseveltian Century
Giles Scott-Smith, Universiteit Leiden
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C O U R S E L E C T U R E The Three Roosevelts Notes taken on January 27, 2016 by Edward Tanguay |
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the three Roosevelts
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provide a particularly interpretation of U.S. history
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changing role of the United States in the world through the 20th century
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1. Theodore Roosevelt
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26th president of the United States
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pointed the way for the country to become a world power
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2. Eleanor Roosevelt
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Theodore's niece
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became the most prominent First Lady in U.S. history
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championed social justice
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pursued a global human rights campaign
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3. Franklin Roosevelt
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became 32nd president in 1932
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led the U.S. through the Great Depression and World War II
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three themes that they share
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1. security
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both Theodore and Franklin set out a powerful vision of the United States as a new world power
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both were secretaries of the Navy before becoming president
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both understood naval power as a key to global influence
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Theodore ensured the building of the Panama Canal
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sent the Great White Fleet to circumnavigate the world to show goodwill and U.S. military might
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Franklin oversaw the build-up of a vast military apparatus on land, see and air during WWII
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under his leadership, national security took on a new meaning
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extended the power of government to ensure greater social security
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Eleonore
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lifelong humanitarian achievements
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was chair of the United Nations Human Rights Commission
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2. equality
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Theodore called for a square deal
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domestic program formed upon three basic ideas:
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conservation of natural resources
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control of corporations
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consumer protection
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Franklin
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1930s New Deal
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introduction of social security
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support of trade unions
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immense public works projects
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Elenore
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female emancipation
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minority rights
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needs of the poor
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rejected laissez-faire economics to politics of intervention
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sought to overcome the inequalities that undermine social cohesion and divided the nation
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3. freedom
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Franklin Roosevelt's Four Freedoms speech
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January 6, 1941
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laid out an ambition vision for everywhere in the world
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Elenore
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universal education
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all citizens should have access to learning since only an educated citizenry could sustain a democratic political system
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believed in the necessity of executive privilege
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to promote and protect the freedoms of the ordinary citizen